German obstetrician and gynaecologist, considered one of the leading gynaecologists of his era, who made contributions in his research of disorders that included eclampsia, rachitic pelvis and puerperal osteomalacia. In 1877, with Heinrich Fritsch (1844-1915), he founded the journal Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie.
His books include Die Physiologie und Pathologie des Wochenbetts, fur Studirende und Arzte, (Physiology and pathology of post-natal conditions, for students and physicians, 1890), Lehrbuch der Frauenkrankheiten (Textbook of women’s diseases, 1900) and Entwicklung der Geburtshilfe und Gynakologie im 19. Jahrhundert (Development of obstetrics and gynecology in the 19th Century, 1925).
He was the son of the chemist Hermann von Fehling (1811-1885). In 1872 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Leipzig, and following graduation remained in Leipzig as an assistant to obstetrician Carl Siegmund Franz Credé (1819-1892). In 1877 he became director of the Württemberg state midwifery school in Stuttgart, and later accepted a teaching job at the University of Tübingen (1883).
In 1887 he became a professor of obstetrics at the University of Basel, and afterwards served as a professor at the Universities of Halle (1894) and Strasbourg (1900). In the aftermath of World War I, Fehling along with other German professors were expelled from the University of Strasbourg. He eventually settled in Baden-Baden, where he died on 11 November 1925 at age 78.

Link to Wikipedia biography